Fault-tolerance techniques for sram-based fpgas pdf

An overview of different tmr design techniques with comparison to alternative fault tolerant design methods for fpgas rakan khraisha school of electrical engineering and computer science abstract with growing interest in the use of sram based fpgas in space and other radiation environments, there is a greater. In the sequence, it shows the main fault tolerance techniques used nowadays to protect integrated circuits against errors. Different fault tolerance techniques can be applied to fpgas according to their type of configuration technology, architecture and target operating environment. Assessing scrubbing techniques for xilinx srambased.

Designing faulttolerant techniques for srambased fpgas article pdf available in ieee design and test of computers 21. Srambased fpgas has made it possible to incorporate fault tolerance into systems at cheaper cost. Oct 16, 2014 different fault tolerance techniques can be applied to fpgas according to their type of configuration technology, architecture and target operating environment. Politecnico di torino, corso di laurea magistrale in ingegneria elettronica electronic engineering, 2018. Columnbased precompiled configuration techniques for fpga fault tolerance weije huang and edward j. Workshop on faultinjection and faulttolerance tools for. Semantic scholar extracted view of faulttolerance techniques for srambased fpgas by ricardo p. Fpgas, without modifications in the fpga architecture, able. Fault tolerance within sram based fpgas for aerospace. Designing faulttolerant techniques for srambased fpgas ieee. Mar 22, 2007 read fault tolerance techniques for sram based fpgas, the computer journal on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. This paper discusses high level techniques for designing fault tolerant systems in srambased fpgas, without modification in the fpga architecture.

In sram based fpgas, the state of connections in these routing devices is controlled by sram cells, which are configured according to the desired functionality. George, ann gordonross, and herman lam, university of florida commercial srambased. High performance fault tolerant techniques matthew french, jp walters, mark bucciero usc. Columnbased precompiled configuration techniques for fpga. Mission analysis upsets constitute an extremely small fraction of overall. On the design of tunable fault tolerant circuits on sram. Fpgas have become prevalent in critical applications in which transient faults can seriously affect the circuits operation. Fault tolerant design implementation on radiation hardened. Comprehensive coverage of all aspects of space application oriented fault tolerance techniques experienced expert author working on fault tolerance for chinese space program for almost three decades initiatively provides a systematic texts for the cuttingedge fault tolerance techniques in spacecraft control computer, with emphasis on practical engineering knowledge presents. Therefore, in order to employ sram based fpgas in harsh environments, such as space, radhard by design rhbd techniques are frequently adopted to increase the robustness level of those fpgas. Criticalityaware scrubbing mechanism for srambased fpgas.

Configuration frame architecture in xilinx virtexseries fpgas. Fault tolerance implementation within sram based fpga designs based upon single event upset occurrence rates to be presented by melanie berg at the 12th ieee international online testing symposium, grand hotel di como, lake of como, italy, july 1012,2006 2. Fault tolerant computer architecture synthesis lectures. We present a fault tolerance technique for transient and permanent faults in srambased fpgas. Several faulttolerant methods to tolerate seu effects have been proposed previously. Appendix b a comparison of faulttolerant memories in srambased fpgas. Fault tolerant computer architecture synthesis lectures on.

We present a design for the online detection and correction of seus in the configuration memory of xilinx virtex4 and virtex5 fpgas. These techniques come at the cost of time instead of area. Designing fault tolerant systems into srambased fpgas. Fault tolerance designing faulttolerant techniques for sram. In srambased fpgas, the state of connections in these routing devices is controlled by sram cells, which are configured according to the desired functionality. Read faulttolerance techniques for srambased fpgas, the computer journal on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.

Faulttolerance techniques for srambased fpgas, the computer. Thus, there is a critical need for fault tolerance and reconfiguration techniques for fpgas to increase chip yields with factory reconfiguration andor system reliability with field reconfiguration. Some of these are based on new fault tolerant architecture, and others on protecting the highlevel hardware description before synthesis in the fpga. Inputoutput logic based faulttolerant design technique. We first propose techniques utilizing the principle of nodecovering to tolerate logic or cell faults in srambased fpgas. Field programmable gate arrays fpgas, customizable by sram cells, are the latest advance in the integrated circuit evolution. Highenergy physics fault tolerance metrics and testing methodologies for sram based fpgas a case of study based on the xilinx triple modular redundancy tmr subsystem. A survey of diagnosis method for interconnect in srambased fpgas. The presented method in 2 is an approach based on the tmr technique. Inputoutput logic based faulttolerant design technique for. Faulttolerance techniques for srambased fpgas frontiers in. Some of these are based on new faulttolerant architecture, and others on protecting the highlevel hardware description before synthesis in the fpga. An overview of different tmr design techniques with comparison to alternative faulttolerant design methods for fpgas rakan khraisha school of electrical engineering and computer science abstract with growing interest in the use of srambased fpgas in space and other radiation environments, there is a greater.

A comprehensive framework for reliable and adaptive fpgabased space computing. The new technique proposed in this paper was specifically developed for. Fault tolerance designing faulttolerant techniques for. However, fault tolerance techniques might introduce addi. Semantic scholar extracted view of faulttolerance techniques for sram based fpgas by ricardo p. In particular, when considering srambased fpgas, specific hardening techniques generally based on.

On the optimal design of triple modular redundancy logic. In order to increase reliability and availability of staticram based field programmable gate arrays srambased fpgas, several methods of tolerating defe. This chapter will present a set of fault mitigation techniques for sram, flash and antifusebased fpgas and a test methodology to characterize those fpga under radiation. Assessing scrubbing techniques for xilinx srambased fpgas in space applications fredrik brosser, emil milh, vilhelm geijery, and per larssonedefors dept. Aug 08, 2016 fault tolerance within sram based fpgas for aerospace applications abstract. This article presents a fault tolerance technique for transient and permanent faults in srambased fpgas. Larger field programmable gate array fpga configuration memories and shrinking design rules have raised concerns about single event upsets seus, especially for highreliability, highavailability systems that use fpgas.

It starts by showing the model of the problem and the upset effects in the programmable architecture. Pdf designing faulttolerant techniques for srambased fpgas. Srambased fpgas, the state of connections in these routing devices is controlled by sram cells, which are. On the optimal design of triple modular redundancy logic for srambased fpgas f. However, the current scrubbing techniques execute without considering the criticality and timing of the user tasks implemented in the fpga. Masterslave tmr inspired technique for fault tolerance of sram. Faulttolerance techniques for srambased fpgas frontiers. A survey of diagnosis method for interconnect in sram. May 24, 2016 fault tolerance in fpga systems karisma ramesh page 4 of 22 channels.

Various ft methods have been developed for the fpgas. Assessing scrubbing techniques for xilinx sram based fpgas in space applications fredrik brosser, emil milh, vilhelm geijery, and per larssonedefors dept. Request pdf designing and testing faulttolerant techniques for srambased fpgas this paper discusses faulttolerant techniques for srambased fpgas. Fault tolerant design implementation on radiation hardened by. Evolutionary based techniques for fault tolerant field programmable gate arrays gregory v. As the adverse effects of radiations in space are much higher than in the earth, developing fault tolerant techniques play crucial roles for the use of electronics in space. To further improve the fault coverage and accuracy of fault location in sram based on fpgas interconnect, an efficient method of fault detection and location is presented. Sonza reorda2 1universidade estadual do rio grande do sul uergs engenharia em sistemas digitais. Techniques for virtex series fpga, xilinx application. Fault tolerance in fpga systems karisma ramesh page 4 of 22 channels. Dynamic heavy ions see testing of nanoxplore radiation. The xilinx virtex5qv is the rst commercially available radiation hardened by design rhbd sram based fpga. Designing and testing faulttolerant techniques for srambased fpgas.

An overview of different tmr design techniques with. An adaptive faulttolerant memory system for fpgabased architectures in the space environment dan fay, alex shye, sayantan bhattacharya, and daniel a. Soft error rate estimation and mitigation for srambased. A generic methodology to compute design sensitivity to seu in. Highenergy physics fault tolerance metrics and testing methodologies for srambased fpgas a case of study based on the xilinx triple modular redundancy tmr subsystem. Fault tolerance techniques for sram based fpgas frontiers in electronic testing kastensmidt, fernanda lima, reis, ricardo on. Software faulttolerant techniques for softcore processors. They often do not execute the scrubbing process in the right instant. Comprehensive coverage of all aspects of space application oriented fault tolerance techniques experienced expert author working on fault tolerance for chinese space program for almost three decades initiatively provides a systematic texts for the cuttingedge fault tolerance techniques in spacecraft control computer, with emphasis on practical engineering knowledge presents fundamental and. Evolutionary based techniques for fault tolerant field.

Faulttolerance techniques for srambased fpgas core. Column based precompiled configuration techniques for fpga fault tolerance weije huang and edward j. Sram based fpgas allow engineers to perform product improvements by rewriting the configuration data. Fpgas to cope with transient faults in the user combinational and sequential logic, while.

Seu fault evaluation and characteristics for srambased. An adaptive faulttolerant memory system for fpgabased. Request pdf faulttolerance techniques for srambased fpgas faulttolerance in integrated circuits is no longer the exclusive concern of space designers or. Srambased fpgas are sensitive to transient faults, so called soft errors, which. This paper implements software faulttolerant techniques on a softcore processor implemented in a commercial srambased fpga for use in spacebased applications. Thus, for srambased fpga, the cgtmr combined with reset and scrubbing appears as a better choice for system enhancement. Section 4 compares the proposed approach against the existing techniques. Methodologies for tolerating cell and interconnect faults in.

Request pdf faulttolerance techniques for srambased fpgas faulttolerance in integrated circuits is no longer the exclusive concern of space designers or highlyreliable applications engineers. Abstractrecently, srambased fpgas are widely used in aeronautic and space systems. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Online single event upset detection and correction in. Similarly to the results in, the designs using dsps presented lower cross sections. Designing faulttolerant techniques for srambased fpgas.

Sram based fpgas are highly attractive for space applications due to their inight recon gurability, decreased development time and cost, and increased design and testing exibility. Fault tolerance within sram based fpgas for aerospace applications abstract. Designing and testing faulttolerant techniques for srambased. Fault injection by hardware techniques in fpgas though the principles remain the same, the setups and algorithms might differ as the technology provides better solutions. Faulttolerance techniques for srambased fpgas, the.

This technique combines duplication with comparison dwc and. Fault tolerance implementation within sram based fpga. The configuration memory cells are however susceptible to ionised particles which upon impact can cause the memory cell to change state. This chapter will present a set of fault mitigation techniques for sram, flash and antifuse based fpgas and a test methodology to characterize those fpga under radiation. The software faulttolerance techniques used to protect the logic and routing of the leon3 softcore processor include a modi. Section 5 introduces a new highlevel technique for designing faulttolerant systems for srambased. A comprehensive framework for reliable and adaptive fpgabased space computing adam jacobs, grzegorz cieslewski, alan d. Among the fault tolerance characteristics, the performance and costs of an electronic system remain the leader factors in the space and avionics market. Faulttolerance techniques for srambased fpgas frontiers in electronic testing. An adaptive method to tolerate soft errors in srambased fpgas.

Sram based fpgas has made it possible to incorporate fault tolerance into systems at cheaper cost. The aim is to create a selftolerant system based on selfreconfiguration. We first propose techniques utilizing the principle of nodecovering to tolerate logic or cell faults in sram based fpgas. The xilinx virtex5qv is the rst commercially available radiation hardened by design rhbd srambased fpga. In particular, when considering sram based fpgas, specific hardening techniques generally based on. This book discusses fault tolerance techniques for sram based field programmable gate arrays fpgas. A new fault injection approach to study the impact of. A generic methodology to compute design sensitivity to seu. Faultinjection and fault tolerance tools for reprogrammable fpgas 12 v3. Section 3 presents the proposed approach to faulttolerant design. Designing and testing faulttolerant techniques for srambased fpgas fernanda lima kastensmidt1 gustavo neuberger2 luigi carro2 ricardo reis2 1universidade estadual do rio grande do sul engenharia.

This book discusses faulttolerance techniques for srambased field programmable gate arrays fpgas. Faulttolerance techniques for srambased fpgas request pdf. Soft error rate estimation and mitigation for srambased fpgas. Assessing scrubbing techniques for xilinx srambased fpgas in. Fault tolerance is the ability of a system to operate normally given the presence of malfunctioning resources, faults or defects.

Mccluskey center for reliable computing department of electrical engineering stanford university, stanford, ca 94305. Seu fault evaluation and characteristics for srambased fpga. For comprehensive surveys on fpga fault tolerance, see 11, 24. Fault tolerance in integrated circuits is no longer the exclusive concern of space designers or highlyreliable. This thesis is about managing srambased fpga faults at system level, in the context of. Methodologies for tolerating cell and interconnect faults. Hardware and software faulttolerance of softcore processors. Reassuring fault tolerance in computing systems is an important problem in highreliability applications. Fault tolerant techniques for reconfigurable devices. Fault tolerance implementation within sram based fpga designs. Columnbased precompiled configuration techniques for. Inputoutput logic based faulttolerant design technique for srambased fpgas aditya srinivas timmaraju, deshmukh aniket anand, mohammed amir khan, zafar ali khan abstracteffects of radiation on electronic circuits used in extraterrestrial applications and radiation prone environments need to be corrected.

These techniques not only have to mitigate sees that are encountered in classic application speci. Many people have developed techniques for providing the ft in fpgas. With the interest in commercial srambased fpgas in radiation environments, it is beneficial to provide runtime reconfigurable recovery from a failure. Faulttolerance techniques for srambased fpgas fernanda. The design based techniques, also called architectural techniques, are highly accepted because they can be applied to many different levels of the design without any changes in the fabrication process technology. This paper discusses high level techniques for designing fault tolerant systems in sram based fpgas, without modification in the fpga architecture. These software techniques include a modified version of software implemented fault tolerance swift, consistency checks, and checkpointing. For srambased fpgas to be a viable alternative to radhard components in space, it is essential to improve. Techniques to improve the reliability of faulttolerant.

Thus, the dsp components in radhard srambased fpgas are also more robust to soft errors than the operational logic implemented in luts. Soft error rate and fault tolerance techniques for fpgas. Triple modular redundancy tmr has been successfully applied in fpgas to mitigate transient faults, which are likely to occur in space applications. The designbased techniques, also called architectural techniques, are highly accepted because they can be applied to many different levels of the design without any changes in the fabrication process technology. Mihalis psarakis, alexandros vavousis, cristiana bolchini, antonio miele 2014 design and implementation of a selfhealing processor on srambased fpgas. Fis, a bitstream download can be affected by radiation effects, potentially. The above brief outline of fault tolerant methods for fpgas is not meant to be exhaustive but rather to provide some context and to highlight some past approaches which are relevant for our proposed approach to fault tolerance on arithmetic logic circuits implemented on fpgas.

Highenergy physics fault tolerance metrics and testing. Faulttolerance techniques for srambased fpgas frontiers in electronic testing kastensmidt, fernanda lima, reis, ricardo on. Designing and testing faulttolerant techniques for sram. Srambased fpgas are highly attractive for space applications due to their inight recon gurability, decreased development time and cost, and increased design and testing exibility. Worldknown fpga based companies, such as atmel and xilinx are traditional.